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THE INFLUENCE 



UNITED STATES 



ABROAD. 



BY 

^VILLIAM E. F. KRAUSE. 

(Post OflSce Box, 414.) 



/ 

SAN FRANCISCO: 
JOSEPH WINTEKBURN & CO., PEINTEES AND ELECTEOTYPERS, 

Ko. 417 Clay Street, a few doors below Sansome. 
1 S « 8. 






INTRODUCTORY. 



An appreciative comment on the timely conducting of our 
foreign relations by the Secretary of State, the Plonorable 
Wm. H. Seward, which in all its beneficial bearings to the 
nation, advances in particular the prosperity of San Fi'ancisco 
from the sea, increases the' wealth of California by land, draw^- 
ing large arrivals of immigrants to the future cosmopolitan 
emporium of commerce and of manufactures guai"anteed to the 
north western coast of the United States of America by its 
geographical proximity to the greatest consuming mart of 
goods in the w^orld, Asia, with its six hundred millions of 
people, in order that we may there at any time in reality and 
favorably compete with all Europe, the actual nucleus of the 
use of the commercial progress of the United States abroad. 

Most respectfully dedicated to the very eminent statesman, 
the Honorable Wm. H. Seward, by the author, 

WM. E. F. KRAUSE. 

San Francisco, Cal., Feb. 22, 1S6S. 
r. O. Box 4:14=. 



PREFACE. 



The tw^o editions of my pamphlet entitled "American Inter- 
ests in Borneo" having been so generously received by the 
intelligent and enterprising citizens of California, and likewise 
enlisted the encouragement to me from several of the most 
distinguished and honored men in the land, who by their 
at all noticing such trifling productions, wistfully desire 
me to continue the same, which at least and with cer- 
tainty proves the correctness of the well knov;^n maxim, that 
the very will shown and the effort made to labor and to pro- 
gress is in itself praiseworthy and deserving of encouragement, 
and that none are deemed too little in fact, nor held as too 
insignificant in general, if not directly at least indirectly, to 
become and to be useful to others. 



f 



The state ship, with the fellowship of the American people 
on board, leaving the Golden Gate of San Francisco on a 
peaceful voyage of general recognizance around the world. 



THE ALLEGORY. 



Upon the encouragement expressed in the preface, I have 
built a fleet craft, the planks and sides of which having been 
here patented, together in harmony and gentleness will stand 
any violence and roughness of the many tempests which rage 
over and convulse the fathomless ocean of life, engulphing the 
hugest and most formidable structures, ornameittal and costly, 
and manned by hundreds of aggressors instead of a few fear- 
less peaceful navigators, unless love of good and good of pur- 
pose should insure their safety. This extraordinary craft, 
hoisting no broad pennant, but modestly, yet firmly bearing 
the flag of freedom, is assuredly destined to accomplish all 
trans-oceanic voyages in safety, visiting every nook and corner 
of not only the remainder of the civilized world outside of the 
United States, but principally the barbaric divisions of the 
inljabited globe; and now since steam has encroached upon 
canvass, time thus forcibly contracted the treasure vault of 
wealth, is diminishing all distances, the state ship goes to sea 
under the most hopeful auspices, the cherished idol of the 
nation, from an open charter by the ever vigilant Secretary of 
State, well commanded by Admiral Farragut, officered and 
manned by men as brave as he is, and will reach with the 
blessings of God and the prayer of the nation any given part 
in Asia and Oceanica, west from San Francisco in a month, 
and Europe and Africa east from New York in a week or 
fortnight respectively. 

Heavily freighted she is with California flour, especially for 
China, together with United States manufactures for all the 
world, pending the completion of the great Central Pacific 
seven days railroad, and the speedy acquisition of various foot- 
holds in the Pacific, Indian Ocean and Atlantic, in order to 
there from under our own flag best guide and guard our com- 



mercial and national interests of hourly growth with prac- 
ticability and in just proportion to our increase of prosperity 
at liome, peremptorily demanding this counterpoise for the 
most economical interchange of raw materials of indispensable 
necessity Irom latitudes south of Key West, especially needed 
and heretofore furnished to us from Oceanica and elsewhere by 
European and other nations at their convenience. A forcible 
illustration of the unprofitableness of the transaction for us, 
and utter untenability of the system. Indeed, not admitting of 
a day's unnecessary delay to plant the stars and stripes abroad 
on spots convenient to our national interests of the times, nor 
of the refractory argument that we already have land enough, 
indeed sufficimt to grow more cereals than the world will 
need (in hundi-eds of years to come wlien with a population 
of hundreds of millions), but no tropical produce to the value 
of millions of dollars per annum, which we at present need, 
have ever befoi'e wanted, must now obtain from other nations 
and pay for with the proceeds of exports from our present 
latitudes. 

The so-called light freight on board of this cherished craft 
is altogether of an incalculable value, consisting of bales of 
copies of the '' Declaration of Independence," Washington's 
blissful and eternal legacy to the free, printed in all languages, 
and encircled by an unfinished wreath of most beautifully ever- 
green flowers, commenced with those indigenous to the United 
States, and intended to finish with those of the World. Wher- 
ever and whenever a foreign nation has nov>' become, or will 
sooner or later become enlightened by the comprehension of 
the immortal wisdom contained in that document, and acts 
Tipon it by governing themselves, it adds the flowers of its soil, 
so that the mind may realize the harmony and beauty of the 
wreath, when in ages to come the same is finished, and the 
last barbarian, the most recluse savage of the antipodes, will 
have been converted, and is free in his home abroad. This 
wreath, so free from gaudiness, isso far now and wall be charming 
in the extreme ; beautiful butterflies and lovely humming birds 
hovering and fluttering everywhere above it, so as not to be 
deprived of their nourishment, nor alienated trom their floral 
abodes appointed by the all considering love of God. Wound 
it is, and carried from land to land by cherubs and by an- 
gels, lit upon by myriads of brilliant brightest stars of hope in 
the clear azure of the Heavens in sight of God and man. As 
the flora of the United States is as decidedly beaitiful as the 
indigenous flora of other isothermal countries of Europe and 



Asia, so is the flora and voluptuous expansion of the flowers 
in the valleys of tlie Amazon not more nor less attractive than 
ours and those of Mexico and other Central and South American 
Republics; but simply there indigenous and more prodigious 
under the vertical rays of a tropical sun in native soil, than 
science and transplantation could make them thrive here. 
The tiny mignonette of Northern Africa is well known to 
the entire civilized world, yet there it is planted by nature, 
its soil and climate adapted to its growth and the greater redo- 
lence of its exquisite perfume — not since 4004 years A. D.. but 
since time immemorial, especially as the Kulpas of the Hin- 
doos requires 4,450,448 cyphers following a unit to chronicle 
the myth of the commencement of the world. Science having 
divided terra firma into five divisions, all of which being con- 
nected either by land or narrow straits, which volcanic erup- 
tions created in separating the land, the dispersion over them 
of all that is living and animated in nature is sustained, chang- 
ing, from the time God created the world, the once original 
species of botany and zoology through unknown ages past and 
to come, into infinitesimal varieties of sizes and of colors, ac- 
cording to atmospheric influences on the respective soil of the 
lowlands, far away or close to oceans, densely forested, or 
plains, with or without large or small rivers, near or distant 
from the tablelands and the altitudes of mountains of the 
various isothermal meridians of both hemispheres from the 
arctic to the antarctic circle of this planet, which God's love 
blessed us to inhabit and find everywhere so beautiful. This 
love of the children of the earth to the Heavenly Father, to 
fill their hearts with ti'uest and purest that the soul be imbued 
with entire, and can fleet to its heavenly abode, while the un- 
derstanding abstains to fathom what reason admits is decreed to 
be unfathomable, is the doctrine of Christianity. 

TJie Bible, thererefore, is on board my little craft in vast 
quantities, ti-anslated into every tongue to be handed to, in 
order to be daily distributed by the missionaries of both 
Protestants and Roman Catholics, that they may continue 
their glorious labor as the blessed pioneers of the diffusion of 
the divine faith through three-fourths of mankind unchristian- 
ized this day. 

The Bible is at 3ast, and will indeed be more gratefully re- 
ceived by the intelligent Chinese as a polite set-off on our part 
to their persevering efforts to add to the civilization of the 
civilized world by the distribution among the latter of one 
hundred million pounds of tea per atmum, their surplus stock 



after nourishing three hundred and sixty million Chinese, 
two-fifths of all mankind, (and the Japanese their twenty-five 
millions); the more estimable on the part of the yellow race of 
that specially soiled and climated country as the opium pressed 
upon them by Europe is in return paid for by them to the 
world at large in blessings through this nutritious plant. 

The cargo in ioto and the ship, as conjoined property of the 
United States, go fully insured by the power, the wealth and 
the honor of the nation in safe keeping at home, by the har- 
monious efibrts of their honorable elect of republican and 
democratic representatives in Congress assembled, to make 
them hcippy and contented in their homes ; guarded abroad, 
because beloved and respected by the best all over the world, 
at the same time well known as a retributive power of invul- 
nerable strength to the war advocate, the destroyer of good, 
the assailant, able at any time, though from principles of high- 
minded peacefulness and humanity, always reluctant lo deci- 
mate at will. With the flag of the Union flying, destined 
never to change, nor ever to fall except to take up and embrace 
additional stars in its sacred folds, the world knows the 
graceful ship on all the oceans, and in all the harbors of the 
universe. 



THE VOYAGE. 



The intense interest felt by the American people in the 
manao-ement of their foreign relations entrusted to Mr. Secre- 
tary Seward as minister of State, having been naturally created 
through territorial acquisitions made abroad and planned by 
the sagacious foresight of so very able a statesman, it now 
becomes a topic of the most animated discussion throughout 
the United States, to fully comprehend in order to properly 
appreciate, if not the nation's state secrets, at least the doctrine 
of the astute policy which has brought into possession new 
tracts of land and strategical footholds outside of our present 
boundaries, without incurring the enmity of other nations, 
nor at anything like a prodigal expenditure from the treasury, 
in view and memory of our incurred indebtedness. 

The acquisitions of Alaska and of the Danish West India 
Islands, the pending negotiations for the cession of the Bay of 
Samana, and of a large province in Northern Borneo, the 



treaties of amity and commerce with the Columbian Govern- 
ment, with the Kinos of Madaa:ascar at Antananarivo and of 
the Fejeeans at Ban, the consummate ability manifested by 
the success of our diplomacy in Japan and China, which has 
opened Hiogo and Osaca in Japan, and may cede to us the 
Peninsula of Woo Sung, a very commanding and eligible foot- 
hold in China, near the most extensive tea districts, all these and 
similar events have to be viewed, not in a commercial point of 
view only,norin a naval point in case of war, but in their direct 
and indirect, present and future consequences combined. In- 
directly, foremost and momentously in relation to the hasty 
absorption, more than ever since the end of our war, of available 
lands abroad by the English and especially the French nation, to 
the obvious detriment of the United States. By being in advance 
of us they depiive us of the most desirable lands and harbors 
abroad, expecting to largely realize those commercial profits 
which are always derived from the raw material in a sale to 
us at their convenience upon our necessity. The most advan- 
tageous consequences emanating and dei'ived from our present 
foreign policy are therefore emphatically prospective. To 
direct universal attention to them is the actual purpose of 
these my humble endeavors, proving my own gratitude to this 
country, — the greatest honor attainable in civilization. To 
promulgate these ideas which imbue every reflecting mind, 
and while they kindle a proper cosmopolitan national spirit, a 
new emotion demanded by our greatness, by the times and 
our destiny, will make the arduous labors much easier to the 
Secretary of State than heretofore, when the necessary, withal 
trifling money, was begrudged to him for his great designs, un- 
fathomable outside of diplomacy, instead of the treasury of the 
nation held open to his free avail, whose genius is long con- 
ceded does not find its equal in the country, nor his love of the 
Union ever known to stagnate within the present boundaries. 

I have alluded to the steady inc. ease of pro^iperity vi'ithin 
the United States requiring proportionately increasing imports 
of raw materials from latitudes south of Key West, which we 
at present receive from other nations at a high cost instead of 
planting and obtaining the respective tropical produce and 
materials there ourselves for Vv^ant of requisite lands only. 

The allied English and French nations, constituting together 
with us the governing power of the world, have previous to the 
end of our war considered the American nation, with which 
their present governments can never fraternize, as living on a 
huge and isolated continent, never interfering abroad, but 



8 

quietly awaiting future centuries to see it properly populated, 
and to be at any time wealthy enough not to care about that 
trifle of money which the produce amounts to necessary to 
have that growth outside of latitude thirty, towards the 
Equator only, and in equal latitudes north of thirty in the 
southern hemisphere, but which they and other nations and 
colonies within the tropics export and sell to us, footing up 
however, hundreds of millions of dollars per annum, (inclusive 
always of the exports to us from China and Japan); a very 
convenient appanage to royal governments most certainly. 

Politically shut out from the Occident by the Monroe doc- 
trine, they knew well that our faith as republicans would 
never be lost towardsthe small republics of Central and South 
America, while their own philanthropic intentions in apolitical 
pursuit of a purpose on this continent did not come up to our 
standard of appreciation, as the French inroads into Mexico 
have but lately demonstrated. 

Therefore Asia, Oceanica, and Africa drew tlieir main atten- 
tion, accelerated their separate actions by our building the 
seven days railroad, thereby connecting the Atlantic with the 
Pacific, and running steamers regularly under government 
subsidies in direct connection therewith to Japan and China, 
transporting the railway portable commerce of the United 
States at large, destined for competition with them in that 
great caldron of the world's goods, known for ages past to 
be Asia with its six hundred millions of people — from New 
York west via San Francisco, as far at present as the Tropics 
of China, until we shall unfrrl our flag on Borneo, the com- 
manding and dignifi;-d centre of our future vast commerce with 
the entire Orient, and not China and Japan only — in little over a 
month, at a gain of four months over five upon the present 
laborious route from New York east, via Cape of Good Hope, 
by sailing vessel. 

The twofold consequences, so destructive to their interests, 
becoming to them apparent — that we would speedily cease to 
be their customers for supplies of tropical raw materials, and 
furthermore would turn around upon them and enter the great 
market of China with our manufactures under advantages of 
geographical proximity from San Francisco, and constitute our- 
selves their most formidable rival in the Orient generally — 
their policy is exjilained; but which the genius and the indefat- 
igable energy of Mr. Secretary Seward have long ago fathomed, 
counteracted, and the dangerous consequences to us frustrated 
and averted, by as far as we have already negotiated for land, 



and sncceeded in forming treaties of amity and commerce with 
nations all over the world. 

Of all the acquisitions which we have formed up to date, 
the Island of Borneo is by far the most important. Its posi- 
tion commands the Pacific and Indian Ocean, like Singapore, 
in the interest of the English; isadjacentto China within three 
days steam, and to all the Islands of Malaysia, Polynesia, and 
Australasia, comprising Oceanica, as well as the great British 
Empire in India. Our vast commerce with the entire Orient 
can best radiate from there; the territory is large; the natives 
intelligent, inhabit the island by millions, and will serve us 
willingly, clearing the fertile valleys for tillage, anticipating 
the time when we shall rival with the Dutch in their adjacent 
colonies on our own plantations in the yield of costly spices. 

Ever since steam has monopolized sail, the time annihilator, 
tlie contractor of distances, demands of us the due appreciation 
of this, one of the greatest triumphs in civilization, that we 
are bound to make ourselves aufait abroad. A nation like 
ourselves, composed of the important elements of enterprising 
spirit, love of venture, and of intelligence in contradistinction 
to those who remain in Europe supposed to lack the aforesaid 
standard qualifications, not being unavoidably prevented, 
finding themselves this day within a month either ti'oni 
San Francisco west, or from New York east, at any given 
point on the globe, are called upon by the force of advance in 
civilization to interest themselves nationally by the good will 
of fellowship in the affairs of all the world. 

Peace having subdued war is another weighty reason for 
so doing, especially as Republicans are not seriously attacked 
by non-republicans in this age. Love of fellowship, like all 
love, a natural prompting to actions which make happy, 
secures happiness by advocating peace. Therefore through 
peace only is liberty appreciated ; the fondest desire of the 
heart of each individual of being unitedly hap[)y without 
hindrance, which, forming theUnion nationally, is in our nation 
from the strength of the unity of millions everlasting, as secur- 
ing freedom from hindrance from without or through malcon- 
tents from within, to be here and at all times unitedly happy; 
therefore, interwoven is the heart, which loves with the soul, 
which inspires the mind to intellectually appreciate the 
natural promptings of the heart and which no uncivilized 
coercion denominated war, external or internal, can ever out- 
root, stamping alike every enlightened monarch abroad, or 
learned sophist with us — the latter, who relinquishes his faith 



10 

in the divine ordinance of the Union not from want of inspir- 
ation of the truth, but from the predominancy of iiis weak- 
nesses over the natural nobility of his soul, lost entire by its 
severance from the heart because chilled throucrh neglect it 
ceased to love, — both as " bitter inconsistents" until the one 
voluntarily lays down the scepter and becomes a plain citizen 
of the nation of his birth, estimated by his worth of good, and 
the other reads the declaration of independence twice over 
until he comprehends that no individual wrong, no sacrifice of 
wealth and self interest, in fact no crucification of any sort 
terrestrial whatsoever, can ever alienate him from his faith in 
the eternal perpetuity of the union here and to mankind. 

As well might he cease to be a christian because there is no 
visible road to heaven laid down on the maps on earth, if he 
will consider terrestrial sacrifices of all sorts sufficient reason 
for abandoning his faith in the union an integral part of the 
christian religion, illustrated by the beautiful text, "Thou 
shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." 

So much for those who are born, live prosperously, yet are 
not satisfied, and die in this country without having ever 
traveled abroad, viewing similar to the monarch tliei'e sur- 
rounded by flatterers unable to fathom the trutli of their 
assertions, the condition of this country, not knowing of the 
abject misery of the millions abroad, engendered by non- 
republican institutions, nor graduated personally in the school 
of adversity here necessary to go through entire, by their own 
individual labor, mental or physical, according to capacity 
and voluntary impulse they may select and prefer in this 
land of endless progress in order to reach the high road 
to truth, of the knowledge of the condition of their own 
and the necessities of others, whicli alone leads to the eternal 
appreciation of the union and a sacred hallowed love for 
freedom and independence forever. 

Exactly as each being is endowed with mind, but individ- 
ually no one knows the secret of the extent and brightness of its 
faculties, God's own allwise rule of nature, so are we here 
gathering together to assist each other in drawing out its 
force in justice to each other. We grasp the hand of fellow- 
ship with fervency and warmth that we may be indispens- 
able to each other in the pursuits of daily life, unitedly to 
form in harmony and sympathy a phalanx of moral and un- 
equaled strength, which is progress. 

Such is the condition of the great American people piti- 
fully incomprehensible to the cold-hearted individual enscon- 



11 

cing himself within bivalve shells to mood over in disgust with 
all the world the loss of his will and vigor to progress 
exhausted by this molluscan life of shallowest inertness. 

The solitary pearl within, so pure and silvery white, so trans- 
lucent and bright, when found in a cluster of these shells, 
may well grace the beauty of fashion of the refined and the 
warmheaited, the really good and liighminded among the rich, 
whom no ironclad etiquette of conventionality of ante-feudal 
origin prevents bestowing theii' personal affection and attach- 
ment at their convenience, and at any time wdien the heart 
feels and prompts the natural impulse, upon those whom they 
know to be equally good but not so rich. It is here the heart 
which courses so warmly. None be ever who check its flow- 
ing. It is the mother who firstly in infancy draws out its 
gentle streamlet, which winds itself through life, a majestic 
stream harboring every happiness. A slight to the refined is 
similar to beholding the ebullition of a temper lost, more pain- 
ful to the heart than both are hurtful in their consequences. 
To anticipate another's desire, a delightful moment to live in 
which the heart prepares for action which make happy and 
produce friends. To notice the good, and to not notice the 
bad as being not good, because the heart from its acute sensi- 
tiveness becoming cliilled is tremulously averted from what 
does not elate it, is the carpeted and macadamized road to 
happiness in private and in public life ; by it one lives in sun- 
shine of the smiles from all the world, and is happy at home. 
As the cut which answers to the slight, the more imperceptible 
its resentment the more well bred considered the person ; so 
are the cuts which war gives by millions to resent the national 
insult not any more heartless because they cut into flesh, 
prostrating the body, or kill, but demonstrate the painful fact 
of the existence of a want of national governing of the tem- 
per of the people en 7iuissc. The more generally civilization 
advances, the more good will eschew evil, through the gaining 
of the former of a preponderating and annihilatinginfluenceover 
the latter. So be viewed our war, such our position now to- 
wards Europe and all the world. Ahead are our strides in our 
progress of all the nations. The united advance of all to pro- 
duce, none to idle, to hold fast to each by noticing the good 
in him which will best destroy the bad, we honor the republic, 
those glorious institutions as founded upon love of fellowship, 
justice to each, and protection to all. 

Tlius are heralded the united virtues in life as victor over 
vice. My allegory becomes a reality, my state ship continuing 
her course under full steam, with all sails set. 



12 



THE NEWS FROM EUROPE. 



I have asserted that peace has subdued war because the 
Prussian needle gun, our Rodman 15-inch cannon, our monitors, 
the French Chassepot rifle, etc., would end any war ahnost 
immediately. For this reason the European nations do not 
war with each other ; for this reason all Europe does not war 
with us. No monarch nor non-republican government can 
but foresee their speedy downfall, if now a universal slaughter 
should take place, arousing the millions in Europe to terrible 
anger. Unfortunately not yet everywhere alike matured in 
the capacity of governing themselves, though far less zealously 
hindered to cultivate all knowledge by more enlightened 
governments at present, which the crowned heads well know 
must terminate in their own final overthrow, a great European 
war would but wage now as heretofore in horrible catas- 
trophes, and finish after all by substituting one sovereign for 
another. Therefore, the cooling beverage which the health- 
fully agitated millions are now lavishingly regaled by to best 
allay their excitement are the fetes at which peace is advocated, 
the useless sacrifice of lives gallantly prevented in order that 
no rule of horror may ensue and be mistaken for a republic, 
but which at the same time discovers the sly fact that the 
thrones vvith their dazzling splendor remain until an indefinite 
period longer, when tlie millions shall have advanced to know- 
ledge universally sufficient to be lastingly able, as we are, 
to govern themselves. The thrones would then surrender 
quietly, and war and coercion be a phantom. 

My little craft, having visited Japan, 'China, the French 
in Cochin China, inspected our own harbors in Borneo, 
delighted the Dutch and Spanisli in Malaysia by its beautiful 
symmetry and swiftness, passed India, now enters the Straits of 
Bab El Mandeb, and noticing at once the formidable prepa- 
rations by the British Empire for a war with the bagatelle king 
Theodorus, gave Admiral Farragut much to reflect upon ; 
how, for instance, the British Empire will be augmented by 
at least fifty millions of Africans tributary in their homet;, 
south of the Sahara dowm to Cape Colony, to the British 
nation, upon the reports of Livingstone, Bayard Taylor, Over- 
wez, du Chaillu, and others to the Geographical Society of 
London, that the entire interior of Africa is exceedingly fertile 



13 

and rich, and might as well be connected with the British 
Empire in India by a week's regular steam from Bombay. 

Commencing with Abyssinia, in a course due west, skirting 
the desert of Sahara, away from its burning Soioccos, the 
horrible kings of Dahomey and Ashantee would at last be 
reached in their dens of skulls and scalps, with whom the 
poisonous upas among mankind — slavery — is indigenous. 
There to outroot on the spot the deadly plant, that no roots 
and shoots remain which can ever sprout, will be the task of 
the English nation, assisted by our ai jacent colony of Liberia, 
and our now sending colored representatives to Monrovia to 
undertake tlie commencement, on a large scale, of educating 
the millions there. 

Another feature has struck Admiral Farragut as most 
momentous in the interest of the English, that the two con- 
tinents of Asia and Africa divided by the narrow straits of 
Bab El Mandeb, with forts on both sides at Aden in Arabia, 
and Massowah, Anesley Bay in Abyssinia, would forever com- 
mand the outlet from the Red Sea into the Indian Ocean 
similar to Gibraltar commands the outlet from the Mediter- 
ranean into the Atlantic Ocean, so that in case of war with 
the French or Russians, should ever the former command the 
canal of Suez, or the latter have hurried the man so often sick 
at Constantinople, (but since the enfeebled Turk sends here 
for best medical advice, and drinks congress water, is hopeful 
of recovery), they would both be effectually entrapped within 
the Red Sea, as well as in the Mediteranean, unable to disturb 
the English in India from the sea. 

Connected with these observations stands the joyfid reflec- 
tion upon the steady advance of the great German nation, as 
extending under the distinguished leadership of Bismark 
abroad; lor instance, with the colonies of Holland in Malaysia, 
in possession as possible, and in prospective made probable 
by the great reform movement, now acted upon throughout 
Europe, at last in favor of freedom of the people in con- 
centrating their respective nationalities, of which the German 
is the most widely spread, including in this view Holland, 
(as indeed it does Belgium and provinces of France and 
Russia besides), under but comparatively few European 
Governments, against so many for ages past. 

The future Empress of Germany, being the eldest daughter 
of Queen Victoria, will be most affectionately received by 
the British nation, wherever the manifest destiny of Ger- 
many should develop itself abroad, especially in Malaysia, 



14 

where, together with the rising colony of Australia, the 
ultimate destiny of which, from geographical position, is 
the development of the Pacific islands in the southern 
hemisphere, such colonies would constitute a very harmoniz- 
ing neighborhood to the British empire in India. 

The Fiench in the meantitne have settled in Cochin 
China, and have an eye of scrutiny everywhere among the 
islands of Polynesia, so that few hinds all over the world 
will soon be left unpartitioned off if we are not constnntly 
vigilant, and assist the Honorable Secretary of State by the 
voice of the nation. 

Our acquisition of Northern Borneo stands therefore again 
in high relief, especially since the Australians are settling 
in organized companies, and at first on the next best and 
largest island of Papua, or New Guinea. 

Australia may be called the twin sister of California — 
both on the Pacific — and dating their birth by their gold 
discoveries, almost at the same period, destined therefore to 
develop the Pacific simultaneously. 

In the meantime. Admiral Farragut has visited the King 
of the Cannibal Islands, as commander Fabius Stanley of the 
flagship Tuscarora had done previously, remonstrating with 
and deterring that equivocal gentleman at Ban and Lavuka, 
in the Fejees, from further permitting any of his ravenous 
subjects to eat our sailors when they get shipwrecked, are 
unarmed or sick, and demanded a guarantee for future non- 
diabolical behavior in the shape of three islands, one of which 
is said to have an excellent harbor, which we hold and 
badly need for our sperm whalers from Nantucket and New 
Bedford when in distress. 

The prosperity of California is most directly affected by a 
speedy territorial expansion among the islands of the Pacific, 
because of the facilities such lands would afford additionally 
to the equally indispensable future, southern branches of 
the great Central Pacific railroad to lay cotton down here at 
the lowest possible estimate of freight and time, as indeed 
from every known island in the Pacific, producing cotton, as 
well as from New Orleans, in order that our rising manufac- 
turers here may be enabled to compete with New York in 
the general 'proforma invoice of their goods, as are laid down in 
Asia via San Francisco, which goods from the east generally, 
will always and inevitably be burdened with the high expense 
of transport overland to San Francisco, at the rate of $90 per 
ton, more or less, from which very particular item we are 



15 

here of course exempt, having hut the ship freiglit to add to 
Asia, which they have likewise, with loss of time and for- 
warding commissions hei'e besides, on all their bills of lading 
passing through San Francisco en route for the Orient. 
Without such facilities New York would compete with San 
Francisco and California generally in Asia, in spite of the 
cost of transport overland, on account of its greater facili- 
ties to receive the cotton from the southern states, setting 
aside the questions of capital and labor in this particular 
calculation. 

The great labor question so intimately interwoven with the 
question of immigration into California, the question of all 
importance, dear to every Californian to dwell upon, to further 
and to advance, must, in my opinion, soon regulate itself, by 
the mechanic, and the laborer now in factories at the East, 
being furnished with a guarantee that we can sell, what they 
here may manufacture, and they will come en masse. The 
great reason of their not having as yet come by thousands 
was, that for the twenty years past we had but gold and 
silver to offer, which to obtain by hard labor and in spite 
of hard labor is not always certain ; while now with manu- 
factui'cs which we can sell in markets direct, like Japan, 
China and India, our wages are guaranteed to them higher 
than at the East, because we are, many things considered, 
comparatively richer, and then above all our employment 
can be, from the fact and consequence of having an unlimited 
jirofitable and constant demand from abroad, permanent to 
them, w^hich alone can induce a laborer, as father of a family, 
to leave home, persuade his family to leave with him, when 
at the expense of the last dollar in many instances. 

But once equal in facilities to New York to obtain cotton 
sufficiently and cheaply, we shall receive all the labor needed 
from the east, as our lovely climate is certainly an extra in- 
ducement to a family man who comes here with his mind 
firmly made up upon reasons as the above to stay here and 
settle permanently. Until we have overcome the obstacles of 
a regular receipt and of sufficient supplies of not only cotton, 
but other raw materials, at a cost of transportation at least 
similar to New York, we will have to content ourselves with 
being the subservient half-way station for the entire railway 
portable commerce of the Atlaniic States to and from Asia 
via San Francisco, and instead of thousands of looms and a 
population of millions, we shall have nothing but " bales of 
through bills of lading," and any amount of acres at a dollar 
and a quarter left for sale. 



16 

The farmer at the East, well knowing that we had up to 
now no legitimate foothold in Asia, either in China itself or in 
Malaysia, from which to systematically persevere in introduc- 
ing our flour to the rice eating Chinese, three hundred and 
sixty millions of people, but had to go back to the East and 
Liverpool in long and risky voyages, where they are much 
nearer to and go to quickly, knowing all about the risks and 
conditions of those fickle markets there, would naturally 
enough prefer staying where they are, not leaving a home in 
a hurry out of sheer love of adventure, without calculating. 
But now the farmers will come in large bodies, because our 
condition is altogether changed ; we shall sell immense 
quantities of flour and wheat in Cliina, the very latest news 
from there being exceedingly favorable to the tJnited States 
commerce with China, which always implies greater ad- 
vantages to San Francisco than to New York. The Chinese 
government having appointed an ambassador to all the treaty 
powers in the person of our former minister at Pekin, the 
Honorable Anson Burlingame, guarantee to us Californians 
through that very fact the certainty of a quick and immense 
increase of commerce direct with China to and from San 
Francisco. 

With such vast commercial prospects ahead, a sanguine 
hope consolidates itself into a positive reality that now the 
Eastern States will rise in a body and earnestly in their in- 
terests view their future there and ours here, and correctly 
compare the two. Intelligent and quick to a degree to con- 
ceive the foundation of the truth of our present multitudinous 
advantages giving us such a dec'ded preference over all the 
Atlantic States, they will now immigrate here in large num- 
bers with their families and regularly, because the permanent 
employment more even than higher wages is what shall strike 
and convince them as resting upon the certainty that the goods 
which they here shall manufacture can be sold in the everlast- 
ing market of Asia, at a profit over New York. From Ireland 
Germany, and Europe generally, we may expect a large im- 
misration direct instead of via New York. 
























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